The Art of Living Together - The Secret Lives of Ants
The Secret Lives of Ants
개미의비밀스러운삶
Perhaps the most famous story about ants is "The Ant and the Grasshopper."
아마도개미에관한가장유명한이야기는'개미와베짱이'일것입니다.
A grasshopper plays in the shade of the grass during the hot summer, having fun singing and eating the plentiful food around him to his heart's content.
The grasshopper's song, which comes from the grass all summer long, is not a happy song of leisure; it is actually the sound of a male grasshopper's desperate struggle to attract a mate so that he can pass his genes on to the next generation.
In reality, grasshoppers die off before winter even begins.
사실, 베짱이는겨울이시작하기도전에한마리한마리씩죽습니다.
The female grasshopper must hurry to lay her eggs deep underground and then bury them before the cold sets in.
암컷베짱이는깊은땅속에자신의알을낳고그뒤추위가시작되기전에그들을묻기위해서둘러야만합니다.
When spring comes, the cycle of life continues with the next generation.
봄이오면, 생명의순환은다음세대로이어집니다.
Since ants must live through winter as adults, they are not satisfied just to enjoy the food and water around them during the season of plenty; they have to harvest and store surplus food for the season of scarcity.
Full-scale food storage for humans most likely began with the discovery of agriculture.
인간의전면적인식량보관은농업의발견과함께시작되었을가능성이가장큽니다.
By the beginning of the agricultural age, however, ants had already been farming for a long time.
그러나농경시대가시작될무렵까지, 개미는이미오랫동안농사를지어오고있었습니다.
The leaf-cutter ants of the Latin American rainforests, which saw off and haul pieces of plants in order to grow mushrooms in their underground colonies, are considered to have built the first farms on the Earth as long as fifty million years ago.
There are even ants that have formed a kind of partner relationship with plants for which they provide protection from herbivores in return for food and shelter.
After ants eat their fill, what makes them decide that it is better to prepare for an unpredictable future than to simply quit working and to relax in the shade?
It's the economy, stupid! was an effective saying used during Bill Clinton's successful 1992 U.S. presidential campaign against George H. W. Bush, and the lives of ants are based on a similar point of view.
'문제는경제야, 바보야!'는조지H. W. 부시에대항하여성공을거두었던빌클린턴의1992년미국대통령선거운동기간의효과적인구호였고, 개미의삶은(이와) 비슷한관점에근거하고있습니다.
It is the economy — nothing but the economy.
문제는경제이며, 오로지경제인것입니다.
Ants have established highly specialized divisions of labor in order to increase the productivity of their colonies.
개미는그들군락의생산성을증가시키기위해고도로특화된분업을만들어낸것입니다.
People who have studied the behavior of ants often compare ant colonies to factories because ants have developed elaborate divisions of labor in their colonies.
They are very similar to human industries trying to make their profits bigger.
이는이윤을더크게만들려고하는인간의산업과매우비슷합니다.
However, unlike human companies, some of which go bankrupt during poor economic times, ants know how to reinvest most of their profits to expand their facilities and to build new factories.
Industrial economists examine companies' investments in resources such as land, labor, and capital and study how they use them to manufacture products and to provide services.
They also examine the decisions companies must make about how to maintain the balance between supply and demand.
그들은수요와공급사이에서균형을유지하는방법에관해회사들이내려야하는결정또한검토합니다.
Ant colonies are run according to comparable expert standards.
개미군락은비슷한전문적기준에따라운영됩니다.
The Shared Wisdom of Ants and Humans
개미와인간의공유된지혜
The basis of the economics of ant factories is not different from that of human factories.
개미공장의경제학토대는인간공장의것과다르지않습니다.
From an industrial economist's point of view, the nest is a territory or factory, the number of worker ants is the labor force, and the food the ants have gathered and stored is the colony's capital.